HEB presents the first digitization of Columbia University Press’s renowned Records of Civilization. From its inception in 1915 the Records of Civilization has offered an essential series of primary sources in English translation with introductions and apparatus by leading scholars. While many of the series’ nearly 100 titles are now out of print, most have never been superseded. Three generations of students first read the most important texts of the Western, Ancient, Middle Eastern, Indian, Chinese and Japanese traditions either in the original CUP editions or in their reprints from W.W. Norton or Harper Torchbooks. The series includes works in history, literature, philosophy, political and religious thought, and related fields in the humanities.